Meghalaya RTO was established under the provisions of Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 and the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989. It also enforces Acts and Rules under the Meghalaya Motor Vehicles Taxation Act (Assam Act IX of 1936 as adapted and as amended by Meghalaya) and Meghalaya Motor Vehicles Taxation Rules (Assam Rules of 1936 as adapted and as amended by Meghalaya).
The main activity of the Transport Department is to administer, regulate and control Motor Vehicles by way of registration of vehicles, issue of Driving Licenses and Conductor Licenses, fostering and nurturing the development and growth of Road Transport Services in the State and to collect revenue from Motor Vehicle Tax, etc. Providing Pool Cars for use by V.I.Ps, Ministers, State Guests and Dignitaries is another important activity of the Department. The Transport department of Meghalaya and is headed by the Transport Commissioner.
A car insurance policy is mandatory for every vehicle registered at Meghalaya RTO as per The Motor Vehicle Act, 1988.